[Jan 09, 2024] JN0-664 Exam Dumps - 100% Marks In JN0-664 Exam!
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Juniper JN0-664: Service Provider, Professional (JNCIP-SP) exam is designed for professionals who want to enhance their skills and knowledge in the field of service provider technologies. Service Provider, Professional (JNCIP-SP) certification is a proof of the skills and knowledge that a candidate possesses in configuring and troubleshooting service provider routing technologies and implementing service provider VPN solutions.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which two statements are correct about reflecting inet-vpn unicast prefixes in BGP route reflection? (Choose two.)
- A. Route reflectors do not change any existing BGP attributes by default when advertising routes.
- B. A BGP peer does not require any configuration changes to become a route reflector client.
- C. Route reflectors add their cluster ID to the AS path when readvertising client routes.
- D. Clients add their originator ID when advertising routes to their route reflector
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
Route reflection is a BGP feature that allows a router to reflect routes learned from one IBGP peer to another IBGP peer, without requiring a full-mesh IBGP topology. Route reflectors do not change any existing BGP attributes by default when advertising routes, unless explicitly configured to do so. A BGP peer does not require any configuration changes to become a route reflector client, only the route reflector needs to be configured with the client parameter under [edit protocols bgp group group-name neighbor neighbor-address] hierarchy level.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, which statement is correct?
- A. The vrf-target configuration will allow routes to be shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
- B. The route-diatinguisher configuration will stop routes from being shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
- C. The route-distinguisher configuration will allow overlapping routes to be shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
- D. The vrf-target configuration will stop routes from being shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The route distinguisher (RD) is a BGP attribute that is used to create unique VPN IPv4 prefixes for each VPN in an MPLS network. The RD is a 64-bit value that consists of two parts: an administrator field and an assigned number field. The administrator field can be an AS number or an IP address, and the assigned number field can be any arbitrary value chosen by the administrator. The RD is prepended to the IPv4 prefix to create a VPN IPv4 prefix that can be advertised across the MPLS network without causing any overlap or conflict with other VPNs. In this question, we have two PE routers (PE-1 and PE-2) that are connected to two CE devices (CE-1 and CE-2) respectively. PE-1 and PE-2 are configured with VRFs named Customer-A and Customer-B respectively.
NEW QUESTION # 30
When building an interprovider VPN, you notice on the PE router that you have hidden routes which are received from your BGP peer with family inet labeled-unica3t configured.
Which parameter must you configure to solve this problem?
- A. Under the family inet labeled-unicast hierarchy, add the resolve-vpn parameter.
- B. Under the protocols ospf hierarchy, add the traffic-engineering parameter.
- C. Under the protocols mpls hierarchy, add the traffic-engineering parameter
- D. Under the family inet labeled-unicast hierarchy, add the explicit null parameter.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The resolve-vpn parameter is a BGP option that allows a router to resolve labeled VPN-IPv4 routes using unlabeled IPv4 routes received from another BGP peer with family inet labeled-unicast configured. This option enables interprovider VPNs without requiring MPLS labels between ASBRs or using VRF tables on ASBRs. In this scenario, you need to configure the resolve-vpn parameter under [edit protocols bgp group external family inet labeled-unicast] hierarchy level on both ASBRs.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Exhibit
CE-1 and CE-2 are part of a VPLS called Customer1 No connectivity exists between CE-1 and CE-2. In the process of troubleshooting, you notice PE-1 is not learning any routes for this VPLS from PE-2, and PE-2 is not learning any routes for this VPLS from PE-1.
- A. The instance type should be changed to I2vpn.
- B. The route distinguisher must match on PE-1 and PE-2.
- C. The route target must match on PE-1 and PE-2.
- D. The no-tunnel-services statement should be deleted on both PEs.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
VPLS is a technology that provides Layer 2 VPN services over an MPLS network. VPLS uses BGP as its control protocol to exchange VPN membership information between PE routers. The route target is a BGP extended community attribute that identifies which VPN a route belongs to. The route target must match on PE routers that participate in the same VPLS instance, otherwise they will not accept or advertise routes for that VPLS.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Exhibit.
Referring to the exhibit; the 10.0.0.0/24 EBGP route is received on R5; however, the route is being hidden.
What are two solutions that will solve this problem? (Choose two.)
- A. On R4, create a policy to change the BGP next hop to itself and apply it to IBGP as an export policy
- B. Add the internal interface prefix to the BGP routing tables.
- C. On R4, create a policy to change the BGP next hop to 172.16.1.1 and apply it to IBGP as an export policy
- D. Add the external interface prefix to the IGP routing tables
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Explanation
the default behavior for iBGP is to propagate EBGP-learned prefixes without changing the next-hop. This can cause issues if the next-hop is not reachable via the IGP. One solution is to use the next-hop self command on R4, which will change the next-hop attribute to its own loopback address. This way, R5 can reach the next-hop via the IGP and install the route in its routing table.
Another solution is to add the external interface prefix (120.0.4.16/30) to the IGP routing tables of R4 and R5.
This will also make the next-hop reachable via the IGP and allow R5 to use the route. According to 2, this is a possible workaround for a pure IP network, but it may not work well for an MPLS network.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Exhibit
Based on the configuration contents shown in the exhibit, which statement is true?
- A. Joins for group 224.7.7.7 are accepted if the group count is less than 25
- B. Joins for group 224.7.7.7 are always rejected, regardless of the group count.
- C. Joins for any group are accepted if the group count value is less than 25.
- D. Joins for group 224.7.7.7 are rejected if the source address is 192.168.100.10
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP policy framework is a set of tools that allows you to control the flow of routing information and apply routing policies based on various criteria. BGP policy framework consists of several components, such as route maps, prefix lists, community lists, AS path lists, and route filters. Route maps are used to define routing policies by matching certain conditions and applying certain actions. Prefix lists are used to filter routes based on their prefixes. Community lists are used to filter routes based on their community attributes. AS path lists are used to filter routes based on their AS path attributes. Route filters are used to filter routes based on their prefix length or range3. In this question, we have a route map named ISP-A that has two clauses: clause 10 and clause 20. Clause 10 matches any route with a prefix length between 8 and 24 bits and sets the local preference to 200. Clause 20 matches any route with a prefix of 224.7.7.7/32 and rejects it. The route map is applied inbound on the BGP neighborship with ISP-A. Based on this configuration, the correct statement is that joins for group 224.7.7.7 are always rejected, regardless of the group count. This is because clause 20 explicitly denies any route with a prefix of 224.7.7.7/32, which corresponds to the multicast group 224.7.7.7.
NEW QUESTION # 34
An interface is configured with a behavior aggregate classifier and a multifield classifier How will the packet be processed when received on this interface?
- A. The packet will be discarded.
- B. The packet will be forwarded with no classification changes.
- C. The packet will be processed by the MF classifier first, then the BA classifier.
- D. The packet will be processed by the BA classifier first, then the MF classifier.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
behavior aggregate (BA) classifiers and multifield (MF) classifiers are two types of classifiers that are used to assign packets to a forwarding class and a loss priority based on different criteria. The forwarding class determines the output queue for a packet. The loss priority is used by a scheduler to control packet discard during periods of congestion.
A BA classifier maps packets to a forwarding class and a loss priority based on a fixed-length field in the packet header, such as DSCP, IP precedence, MPLS EXP, or IEEE 802.1p CoS bits. A BA classifier is computationally efficient and suitable for core devices that handle high traffic volumes. A BA classifier is useful if the traffic comes from a trusted source and the CoS value in the packet header is trusted.
An MF classifier maps packets to a forwarding class and a loss priority based on multiple fields in the packet header, such as source address, destination address, protocol type, port number, or VLAN ID. An MF classifier is more flexible and granular than a BA classifier and can match packets based on complex filter rules. An MF classifier is suitable for edge devices that need to classify traffic from untrusted sources or rewrite packet headers.
You can configure both a BA classifier and an MF classifier on an interface. If you do this, the BA classification is performed first and then the MF classification. If the two classification results conflict, the MF classification result overrides the BA classification result.
Based on this information, we can infer the following statements:
* The packet will be discarded. This is not correct because the packet will not be discarded by the classifiers unless it matches a filter rule that specifies discard as an action. The classifiers only assign packets to a forwarding class and a loss priority based on their match criteria.
* The packet will be processed by the BA classifier first, then the MF classifier. This is correct because if both a BA classifier and an MF classifier are configured on an interface, the BA classification is performed first and then the MF classification. If they conflict, the MF classification result overrides the BA classification result.
* The packet will be forwarded with no classification changes. This is not correct because the packet will be classified by both the BA classifier and the MF classifier if they are configured on an interface. The final classification result will determine which output queue and which discard policy will be applied to the packet.
* The packet will be processed by the MF classifier first, then the BA classifier. This is not correct because if both a BA classifier and an MF classifier are configured on an interface, the BA classification is performed first and then the MF classification. If they conflict, the MF classification result overrides the BA classification result.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Your organization manages a Layer 3 VPN for multiple customers To support advanced route than one BGP community on advertised VPN routes to remote PE routers.
Which routing-instance configuration parameter would support this requirement?
- A. vrf-export
- B. vrf-target export
- C. vrf-target import
- D. vrf-import
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The vrf-target export parameter is used to specify one or more BGP extended community attributes that are attached to VPN routes when they are exported from a VRF routing instance to remote PE routers. This parameter allows you to control which VPN routes are accepted by remote PE routers based on their import policies. You can specify more than one vrf-target export value for a VRF routing instance to support advanced route filtering or route leaking scenarios.
NEW QUESTION # 36
Exhibit
R1 and R8 are not receiving each other's routes
Referring to the exhibit, what are three configuration commands that would solve this problem? (Choose three.)
- A. Configure loops and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64497 and AS 64450.
- B. Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64497 toward AS 64498
- C. Configure as-override on advertisement from AS 64500 toward AS 64512.
- D. Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64500 toward AS 64499
- E. Configure loops on routers in AS 65412 and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64498.
Answer: B,D,E
Explanation:
Explanation
The problem in this scenario is that R1 and R8 are not receiving each other's routes because of private AS numbers in the AS path. Private AS numbers are not globally unique and are not advertised to external BGP peers. To solve this problem, you need to do the following:
* Configure loops on routers in AS 65412 and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64498. This allows R5 and R6 to advertise their own AS number (65412) instead of their peer's AS number (64498) when sending updates to R7 and R8. This prevents a loop detection issue that would cause R7 and R8 to reject the routes from R5 and R62.
* Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64497 toward AS 64498 and from AS 64500 toward AS 64499. This removes any private AS numbers from the AS path before sending updates to external BGP peers. This allows R2 and R3 to receive the routes from R1 and R4, respectively3.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Exhibit
R4 is directly connected to both RPs (R2 and R3) R4 is currently sending all ,o,ns upstream to R3 but you want all joins to go to R2 instead Referring to the exhibit, which configuration change will solve this issue?
- A. Change the bootstrap priority on R2 to be higher than R3
- B. Change the default route in inet.2 on R4 from R3 as the next hop to R2
- C. Change the local address on R2 to be higher than R3.
- D. Change the group-range to be more specific on R2 than R3.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
PIM Bootstrap Router (BSR) is a mechanism that allows PIM routers to discover and announce rendezvous point (RP) information for multicast groups. BSR uses two roles: candidate BSR and candidate RP. Candidate BSR is the router that collects information from all available RPs in the network and advertises it throughout the network. Candidate RP is the router that wants to become the RP and registers itself with the BSR. There can be only one active BSR in the network, which is elected based on the highest priority or highest IP address if the priority is the same. The BSR priority can be configured manually or assigned automatically. The default priority is 0 and the highest priority is 2551. In this question, R4 is directly connected to both RPs (R2 and R3) and is currently sending all joins upstream to R3 but we want all joins to go to R2 instead. To achieve this, we need to change the BSR priority on R2 to be higher than R3 so that R2 becomes the active BSR and advertises its RP information to R4.
NEW QUESTION # 38
By default, which statement is correct about OSPF summary LSAs?
- A. Type 3 LSAs are advertised for routes in Type 1 LSAs.
- B. The area-range command must be installed on all routers.
- C. All Type 2 and Type 7 LSAs will be summanzed into a single Type 5 LSA
- D. The metric associated with a summary route will be equal to the lowest metric associated with an individual contributing route
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
OSPF uses different types of LSAs to describe different aspects of the network topology. Type 1 LSAs are also known as router LSAs, and they describe the links and interfaces of a router within an area. Type 3 LSAs are also known as summary LSAs, and they describe routes to networks outside an area but within the same autonomous system (AS). By default, OSPF will summarize routes from Type 1 LSAs into Type 3 LSAs when advertising them across area boundaries .
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which two statements about IS-IS are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. PSNPs are flooded periodically.
- B. CSNPs are flooded periodically
- C. PSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs.
- D. CSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
IS-IS is an interior gateway protocol that uses link-state routing to exchange routing information among routers within a single autonomous system. IS-IS uses two types of packets to synchronize link-state databases among routers: Link State Packets (LSPs) and Partial Sequence Number Packets (PSNPs). LSPs contain information about the state and cost of links in the network, and are flooded periodically throughout the network. PSNPs are used to acknowledge receipt of LSPs and request retransmission of missing or corrupted LSPs. PSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs, such as their sequence numbers and checksums3. IS-IS also uses another type of packet called Complete Sequence Number Packets (CSNPs), which are used to summarize the entire link-state database at regular intervals or when a new adjacency is formed. CSNPs are flooded periodically throughout the network and contain only descriptions of LSPs4. Therefore, PSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs and CSNPs are flooded periodically.
References: 3:
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/routing-policy/topics/concept/routing-policy-is-is-p
4:
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/routing-policy/topics/concept/routing-policy-is-is-c
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which two statements are correct about the customer interface in an LDP-signaled pseudowire? (Choose two)
- A. When the encapsulation is ethemet-ccc, tagged and untagged frames are both accepted in the data plane.
- B. When the encapsulation is vLan-ccc or extended-vlan-ccc, the configured VLAN tag is included in the control plane LDP advertisement
- C. When the encapsulation is ethernet-ccc, only frames without a VLAN tag are accepted in the data plane
- D. When the encapsulation is vlan-ccc or extended-vlan-ccc, the configured VLAN tag is not included in the control plane LDP advertisement
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
The customer interface in an LDP-signaled pseudowire is the interface on the PE router that connects to the CE device. An LDP-signaled pseudowire is a type of Layer 2 circuit that uses LDP to establish a point-to-point connection between two PE routers over an MPLS network. The customer interface can have different encapsulation types depending on the type of traffic that is carried over the pseudowire. The encapsulation types are ethernet-ccc, vlan-ccc, extended-vlan-ccc, atm-ccc, frame-relay-ccc, ppp-ccc, cisco-hdlc-ccc, and tcc-ccc. Depending on the encapsulation type, the customer interface can accept or reject tagged or untagged frames in the data plane, and include or exclude VLAN tags in the control plane LDP advertisement. The following table summarizes the behavior of different encapsulation types:
NEW QUESTION # 41
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. This is an EVPN Type-2 route.
- B. This route is learned through EBGP
- C. The devices advertising this route into EVPN are 10 0 2 12 and 10.0.2.22.
- D. The device advertising this route into EVPN is 192.168.101.5.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Explanation
This is an EVPN Type-2 route, also called a MAC/IP advertisement route, that is used to advertise host IP and MAC address information to other VTEPs in an EVPN network. The route type field in the EVPN NLRI has a value of 2, indicating a Type-2 route. The device advertising this route into EVPN is 192.168.101.5, which is the IP address of the VTEP that learned the host information from the local CE device. This IP address is carried in the MPLS label field of the route as part of the VXLAN encapsulation.
NEW QUESTION # 42
In IS-IS, which two statements are correct about the designated intermediate system (DIS) on a multi-access network segment? (Choose two)
- A. On the multi-access network, each router forms an adjacency to every other router on the segment
- B. A router with a priority of 1 wins the DIS election over a router with a priority of 10.
- C. On the multi-access network, each router only forms an adjacency to the DIS.
- D. A router with a priority of 10 wins the DIS election over a router with a priority of 1.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
In IS-IS, a designated intermediate system (DIS) is a router that is elected on a multi-access network segment (such as Ethernet) to perform some functions on behalf of other routers on the same segment. A DIS is responsible for sending network link-state advertisements (LSPs), which describe all the routers attached to the network. These LSPs are flooded throughout a single area. A DIS also generates pseudonode LSPs, which represent the multi-access network as a single node in the link-state database. A DIS election is based on the priority value configured on each router's interface connected to the multi-access network. The priority value ranges from 0 to 127, with higher values indicating higher priority. The router with the highest priority becomes the DIS for the area (Level 1, Level 2, or both). If routers have the same priority, then the router with the highest MAC address is elected as the DIS. By default, routers have a priority value of 64. On a multi-access network, each router only forms an adjacency to the DIS, not to every other router on the segment. This reduces the amount of hello packets and LSP
NEW QUESTION # 43
Exhibit
You have MAC addresses moving in your EVPN environment
Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are correct about the sequence number? (Choose two)
- A. It identifies MAC addresses that should be discarded.
- B. It resolves conflicting MAC address ownership claims.
- C. It helps the local PE to identify the latest advertisement.
- D. It is advertised using a Type 2 message
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
The sequence number is a field in the MAC mobility extended community that is used to resolve conflicting MAC address ownership claims and to help the local PE to identify the latest advertisement. The sequence number is incremented by one for every MAC address mobility event, such as when a host moves from one Ethernet segment to another segment in the EVPN network. The PE device that receives multiple MAC advertisements for the same MAC address chooses the one with the highest sequence number as the most recent and valid advertisement.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, you must provide Internet access for VPN-A using CE-1 as the hub CE.
Which two statements are correct in this situation? (Choose two.)
- A. RIB groups are not needed to leak routes between the inet. 0 and VPN-A. inet. 0 tables,
- B. Internet traffic from Site 2 takes the path of PE-2 -> PE-1 -> GW-1.
- C. You must use RIB groups to leak routes between the inet. o and vpn-a. inet. o tables.
- D. Internet traffic from Site 2 takes the path of PE-2 -> PE-1 -> CE-1 -> PE-1 -> GW-1.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
To provide Internet access for VPN-A using CE-1 as the hub CE, you need to do the following:
* You must use RIB groups to leak routes between the inet.0 and vpn-a.inet.0 tables on PE-1 and CE-1.
RIB groups are routing options that allow you to import routes from one routing table into another routing table based on certain criteria. In this scenario, you need to configure RIB groups on PE-1 and CE-1 to import Internet routes from inet.0 into vpn-a.inet.0 and vice versa.
* Internet traffic from Site 2 takes the path of PE-2 -> PE-1 -> CE-1 -> PE-1 -> GW-1. This is because Site 2 does not have direct Internet access and needs to use CE-1 as its default gateway for Internet traffic. Site 2 sends its Internet traffic to PE-2, which forwards it to PE-1 based on VPN-A routes. PE-1 then sends it to CE-1 based on RIB group import policy. CE-1 then sends it back to PE-1 based on its default route pointing to GW-1. PE-1 then forwards it to GW-1 based on RIB group import policy again.
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which statement is correct about IS-IS when it performs the Dijkstra algorithm?
- A. When a new neighbor ID in the tree database matches a router ID in the LSDB, the neighbor ID is moved to the candidate database
- B. Tuples with the lowest cost are moved from the tree database to the LSDB.
- C. The algorithm will stop processing once the tree database is empty.
- D. The local router moves its own local tuples into the candidate database
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
IS-IS is a link-state routing protocol that uses the Dijkstra algorithm to compute the shortest paths between nodes in a network. The Dijkstra algorithm maintains three data structures: a tree database, a candidate database, and a link-state database (LSDB). The tree database contains the nodes that have been visited and their shortest distances from the source node. The candidate database contains the nodes that have not been visited yet and their tentative distances from the source node. The LSDB contains the topology information of the network, such as the links and their costs.
The Dijkstra algorithm works as follows:
* The local router moves its own local tuples into the tree database. A tuple consists of a node ID, a distance, and a parent node ID. The local router's tuple has a distance of zero and no parent node.
* The local router moves its neighbors' tuples into the candidate database. The neighbors' tuples have distances equal to the costs of the links to them and parent node IDs equal to the local router's node ID.
* The local router selects the tuple with the lowest distance from the candidate database and moves it to the tree database. This tuple becomes the current node.
* The local router updates the distances of the current node's neighbors in the candidate database by adding the current node's distance to the link costs. If a shorter distance is found, the parent node ID is also updated.
* The algorithm repeats steps 3 and 4 until either the destination node is reached or the candidate database is empty.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Exhibit
You are examining an L3VPN route that includes the information shown in the exhibit Which statement is correct in this scenario?
- A. The information shows a Type 2 route distinguisher.
- B. The information shows a Type 0 route distinguisher
- C. The information shows a route target
- D. The information shows a Type 1 route distinguisher.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The information shows a Type 0 route distinguisher, which is one of the three types of route distinguishers defined by RFC 4364. A route distinguisher is a 64-bit value that is prepended to an IPv4 address to create a VPN-IPv4 address, which is unique within a VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) table. A Type 0 route distinguisher has two fields: an administrator subfield (2 bytes) and an assigned number subfield (6 bytes). The administrator subfield can be an AS number or an IP address, and the assigned number subfield can be any value assigned by the administrator. In this example, the administrator subfield is 65530 (an AS number) and the assigned number subfield is 1.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Exhibit.
Referring to the exhib.t, what must be changed to establish a Level 1 adjacency between routers R1 and R2?
- A. Change the level 1 disable parameter under the R2 protocols isis interface ge-1/2/3 .0 hierarchy to the level 2 disable parameter
- B. Remove the level i disable parameter under the R2 protocols isis interface loo . 0 configuration hierarchy.
- C. Change the level l disable parameter under the R1 protocols isis interface lo0.0 hierarchy to the level 2 disable parameter.
- D. Add IP addresses to the interface ge-l/2/3 unit 0 family iso hierarchy on both R1 and R2.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
IS-IS routers can form Level 1 or Level 2 adjacencies depending on their configuration and network topology.
Level 1 routers are intra-area routers that share the same area address with their neighbors. Level 2 routers are inter-area routers that can connect different areas. Level 1-2 routers are both intra-area and inter-area routers that can form adjacencies with any other router.
In the exhibit, R1 and R2 are in different areas (49.0001 and 49.0002), so they cannot form a Level 1 adjacency. However, they can form a Level 2 adjacency if they are both configured as Level 1-2 routers. R1 is already configured as a Level 1-2 router, but R2 is configured as a Level 1 router only, because of the level 1 disable command under the lo0.0 interface. This command disables Level 2 routing on the loopback interface, which is used as the router ID for IS-IS.
Therefore, to establish a Level 1 adjacency between R1 and R2, the level 1 disable command under the R2 protocols isis interface lo0.0 hierarchy must be removed. This will enable Level 2 routing on R2 and allow it to form a Level 2 adjacency with R1.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which two EVPN route types are used to advertise a multihomed Ethernet segment? (Choose two )
- A. Type 4
- B. Type 2
- C. Type 3
- D. Type 1
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Explanation
EVPN is a solution that provides Ethernet multipoint services over MPLS networks. EVPN uses BGP to distribute endpoint provisioning information and set up pseudowires between PE devices. EVPN uses different route types to convey different information in the control plane. The following are the main EVPN route types:
* Type 1 - Ethernet Auto-Discovery Route: This route type is used for network-wide messaging and discovery of other PE devices that are part of the same EVPN instance. It also carries information about the redundancy mode and load balancing algorithm of the PE devices.
* Type 2 - MAC/IP Advertisement Route: This route type is used for MAC and IP address learning and advertisement between PE devices. It also carries information about the Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) and the label for forwarding traffic to the MAC or IP address.
* Type 3 - Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tag Route: This route type is used for broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast (BUM) traffic forwarding. It also carries information about the multicast group and the label for forwarding BUM traffic.
* Type 4 - Ethernet Segment Route: This route type is used for multihoming scenarios, where a CE device is connected to more than one PE device. It also carries information about the ESI and the designated forwarder (DF) election process.
NEW QUESTION # 49
Exhibit
Which two statements about the output shown in the exhibit are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. There has been a VLAN ID mismatch.
- B. The connection has not flapped since it was initiated.
- C. The PE router has the capability to pop flow labels
- D. The PE is attached to a single local site.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
According to 1 and 2, BGP Layer 2 VPNs use BGP to distribute endpoint provisioning information and set up pseudowires between PE devices. BGP uses the Layer 2 VPN (L2VPN) Routing Information Base (RIB) to store endpoint provisioning information, which is updated each time any Layer 2 virtual forwarding instance (VFI) is configured. The prefix and path information is stored in the L2VPN database, which allows BGP to make decisions about the best path.
In the output shown in the exhibit, we can see some information about the L2VPN RIB and the pseudowire state. Based on this information, we can infer the following statements:
* The PE is attached to a single local site. This is correct because the output shows only one local site ID (1) under the L2VPN RIB section. A local site ID is a unique identifier for a site within a VPLS domain.
If there were multiple local sites attached to the PE, we would see multiple local site IDs with different prefixes.
* The connection has not flapped since it was initiated. This is correct because the output shows that the uptime of the pseudowire is equal to its total uptime (1w6d). This means that the pseudowire has been up for one week and six days without any interruption or flap.
* There has been a VLAN ID mismatch. This is not correct because the output shows that the remote and local VLAN IDs are both 0 under the pseudowire state section. A VLAN ID mismatch occurs when the remote and local VLAN IDs are different, which can cause traffic loss or misdelivery. If there was a VLAN ID mismatch, we would see different values for the remote and local VLAN IDs.
* The PE router has the capability to pop flow labels. This is correct because the output shows that the flow label pop bit is set under the pseudowire state section. The flow label pop bit indicates that the PE router can pop (remove) the MPLS flow label from the packet before forwarding it to the CE device.
The flow label is an optional MPLS label that can be used for load balancing or traffic engineering purposes.
NEW QUESTION # 50
You are responding to an RFP for a new MPLS VPN implementation. The solution must use LDP for signaling and support Layer 2 connectivity without using BGP The solution must be scalable and support multiple VPN connections over a single MPLS LSP The customer wants to maintain all routing for their Private network In this scenario, which solution do you propose?
- A. BGP Layer 2 VPN
- B. circuit cross-connect
- C. translational cross-connect
- D. LDP Layer 2 circuit
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
AToM (Any Transport over MPLS) is a framework that supports various Layer 2 transport types over an MPLS network core. One of the transport types supported by AToM is LDP Layer 2 circuit, which is a point-to-point Layer 2 connection that uses LDP for signaling and MPLS for forwarding. LDP Layer 2 circuit can support Layer 2 connectivity without using BGP and can be scalable and efficient by using a single MPLS LSP for multiple VPN connections. The customer can maintain all routing for their private network by using their own CE switches.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Exhibit
A network is using IS-IS for routing.
In this scenario, why are there two TLVs shown in the exhibit?
- A. Both IPv4 and IPv6 are being used in the topology
- B. There are both narrow and wide metric devices in the topology
- C. The interface specified a metric of 100 for L2.
- D. Wide metrics have specifically been requested
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
TLVs are tuples of (Type, Length, Value) that can be advertised in IS-IS packets. TLVs can carry different kinds of information in the Link State Packets (LSPs). IS-IS supports both narrow and wide metrics for link costs. Narrow metrics use a single octet to encode the link cost, while wide metrics use three octets. Narrow metrics have a maximum value of 63, while wide metrics have a maximum value of 16777215. If there are both narrow and wide metric devices in the topology, IS-IS will advertise two TLVs for each link: one with the narrow metric and one with the wide metric. This allows backward compatibility with older devices that only support narrow metrics12.
NEW QUESTION # 52
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, which three statements are correct about route 10 0 0.0/16 when using the default BGP advertisement rules'? (Choose three.)
- A. R1 will advertise 10.0.0.0/16 to R2 with 192 168 1 1 as the next hop.
- B. R2 will advertise 10.0.0.0/16 to R3 with 192.168.1 1 as the next hop
- C. R2 will advertise 10.0.0.0/16 to R4 with 172.16.1.1 as the next hop
- D. R4 will advertise 10 0.0 0/16 to R6 with 172.16 1 1 as the next hop
- E. R1 will prepend AS 65531 when advertising 10 0.0 0/16 to R2.
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
The problem in this scenario is that R1 and R8 are not receiving each other's routes because of private AS numbers in the AS path. Private AS numbers are not globally unique and are not advertised to external BGP peers. To solve this problem, you need to do the following:
* Configure loops on routers in AS 65412 and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64498. This allows R5 and R6 to advertise their own AS number (65412) instead of their peer's AS number (64498) when sending updates to R7 and R8. This prevents a loop detection issue that would cause R7 and R8 to reject the routes from R5 and R62
* Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64497 toward AS 64498 and from AS 64500 toward AS 64499. This removes any private AS numbers from the AS path before sending updates to external BGP peers. This allows R2 and R3 to receive the routes from R1 and R4, respectively3.
NEW QUESTION # 53
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